The Influence of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design
The Influence of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design Anglo-Saxons encountered extraordinary modifications to their daily lives in the latter half of the eleventh century due to the accession of the Normans.
Engineering and horticulture were attributes that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. But the Normans had to pacify the whole territory before they could concentrate on home life, domestic architecture, and decoration. Monasteries and castles served separate functions, so while monasteries were massive stone structures assembled in only the most fruitful, wide dales, castles were set upon blustery knolls where the residents focused on learning offensive and defensive practices. Gardening, a peaceful occupation, was unfeasible in these unproductive fortifications. Berkeley Castle is probably the most complete model in existence nowadays of the early Anglo-Norman form of architecture. The keep is reported to have been developed during the time of William the Conqueror. As a technique of deterring assailants from tunneling within the walls, an immense terrace encompasses the building. On one of these parapets is a scenic bowling green covered in grass and enclosed by an aged hedge of yew that has been shaped into coarse battlements.
Where did Landscape Fountains Originate from?
Where did Landscape Fountains Originate from? A fountain, an incredible piece of engineering, not only supplies drinking water as it pours into a basin, it can also propel water high into the air for a noteworthy effect. From the onset, outdoor fountains were soley there to serve as functional elements. Residents of cities, townships and small towns utilized them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash up, which meant that fountains needed to be linked to nearby aqueduct or spring. Until the late 19th, century most water fountains functioned using the force of gravity to allow water to flow or jet into the air, therefore, they needed a supply of water such as a reservoir or aqueduct located higher than the fountain. Designers thought of fountains as wonderful additions to a living space, however, the fountains also served to supply clean water and celebrate the designer responsible for building it. Bronze or stone masks of wildlife and heroes were commonly seen on Roman fountains. During the Middle Ages, Muslim and Moorish garden designers included fountains in their designs to mimic the gardens of paradise. Fountains played a considerable role in the Gardens of Versailles, all part of French King Louis XIV’s desire to exercise his power over nature. To mark the entrance of the restored Roman aqueducts, the Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries commissioned the construction of baroque style fountains in the spot where the aqueducts entered the city of Rome
The end of the 19th century saw the rise in usage of indoor plumbing to provide drinking water, so urban fountains were relegated to strictly decorative elements. The creation of special water effects and the recycling of water were 2 things made possible by replacing gravity with mechanical pumps.
These days, fountains decorate public spaces and are used to recognize individuals or events and fill recreational and entertainment needs.
Water Features: The Minoan Civilization
Water Features: The Minoan Civilization During archaeological digs on the island of Crete, various varieties of channels have been detected. These provided water and removed it, including water from waste and deluges. Rock and clay were the ingredients of choice for these conduits. When made from terracotta, they were commonly in the form of canals and circular or rectangular pipes. These consisted of cone-like and U-shaped terracotta water lines that were exclusive to the Minoans. Clay pipelines were used to circulate water at Knossos Palace, running up to three meters below the floor surfaces. The terracotta water lines were furthermore utilized for amassing and saving water. In order to make this feasible, the conduits had to be created to handle: Underground Water Transportation: Originally this technique seems to have been created not quite for convenience but to supply water to certain people or rites without it being noticed. Quality Water Transportation: There is also data which suggests the pipes being made use of to feed water fountains separately of the local scheme.The Source of Modern Day Outdoor Fountains
The Source of Modern Day Outdoor Fountains Himself a learned man, Pope Nicholas V led the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 till 1455 and was responsible for the translation of scores of age-old documents from their original Greek into Latin. It was imperative for him to beautify the city of Rome to make it worthy of being known as the capital of the Christian world. Beginning in 1453, the ruined ancient Roman aqueduct known as the Aqua Vergine which had brought fresh drinking water into the city from eight miles away, underwent restoration at the bidding of the Pope. Building a mostra, a grandiose commemorative fountain built by ancient Romans to memorialize the arrival point of an aqueduct, was a custom revived by Nicholas V. At the bidding of the Pope, architect Leon Battista Alberti began the construction of a wall fountain in the spot where we now find the Trevi Fountain. The Trevi Fountain as well as the well-known baroque fountains located in the Piazza del Popolo and the Piazza Navona were eventually supplied with water from the modified aqueduct he had reconstructed.