The Outcome of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Landscaping

The Outcome of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Landscaping The introduction of the Normans in the second half of the eleventh century irreparably transformed The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. Outcome Norman Invasion Anglo-Saxon Landscaping 5255018006189655460.jpg

Outcome Norman Invasion Anglo-Saxon Landscaping 5255018006189655460.jpg

The Normans were better than the Anglo-Saxons at architecture and horticulture when they came into power. But yet there was no time for home life, domestic design, and adornment until the Normans had overcome the whole realm. Castles were more basic constructions and often constructed on blustery hills, where their people devoted both time and space to exercising offense and defense, while monasteries were large stone buildings, commonly positioned in the widest, most fruitful hollows. The bare fortresses did not provide for the calm avocation of farming. Berkeley Castle, potentially the most unspoiled model of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists in the present day. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time period. A significant terrace serves as a hindrance to intruders who would attempt to mine the walls of the building. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an old yew hedge cut into the form of crude battlements.

The Source of Today's Garden Fountains

The Source of Today's Garden Fountains Hundreds of classic Greek texts were translated into Latin under the auspices of the scholarly Pope Nicholas V, who led the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 to 1455. It was important for him to embellish the city of Rome to make it worthy of being called the capital of the Christian world. In 1453 the Pope instigated the repairing of the Aqua Vergine, an ancient Roman aqueduct which had carried fresh drinking water into the city from eight miles away. Source Today's Garden Fountains 53400164735545620375.jpg

Source Today's Garden Fountains 53400164735545620375.jpg

The ancient Roman custom of building an awe-inspiring commemorative fountain at the point where an aqueduct arrived, also known as a mostra, was resurrected by Nicholas V. At the bidding of the Pope, architect Leon Battista Alberti began the construction of a wall fountain in the spot where we now find the Trevi Fountain. The water which eventually provided the Trevi Fountain as well as the famed baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona flowed from the modified aqueduct which he had renovated.

Water Delivery Strategies in Early Rome

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Water Delivery Strategies in Early Rome Rome’s 1st raised aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, residents residing at higher elevations had to rely on local creeks for their water. If people living at higher elevations did not have access to springs or the aqueduct, they’d have to depend on the other existing systems of the day, cisterns that gathered rainwater from the sky and subterranean wells that received the water from below ground. Starting in the sixteenth century, a newer strategy was introduced, using Acqua Vergine’s subterranean sectors to generate water to Pincian Hill. As originally constructed, the aqueduct was provided along the length of its channel with pozzi (manholes) constructed at regular intervals. The manholes made it more straightforward to thoroughly clean the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to extract water from the aqueduct, as we viewed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he bought the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he passed away. The cistern he had constructed to gather rainwater wasn’t satisfactory to meet his water needs. That is when he made a decision to create an access point to the aqueduct that ran below his residence.

The Godfather Of Roman Fountains

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The Godfather Of Roman Fountains There are many celebrated water fountains in Rome’s city center. One of the greatest sculptors and designers of the 17th century, Gian Lorenzo Bernini designed, conceptualized and built almost all of them. He was also a city architect, in addition to his skills as a water feature engineer, and traces of his life's work are evident all through the avenues of Rome. Bernini's father, a renowned Florentine sculptor, mentored his young son, and they ultimately moved to Rome, in order to fully express their art, primarily in the form of public water fountains and water features. An excellent worker, the young Bernini received praise and patronage of various popes and influential artists. His sculpture was originally his claim to popularity. Working seamlessly with Roman marble, he utilized a base of expertise in the historical Greek architecture, most especially in the Vatican. Although many artists had an impact on his work, Michelangelo had the most profound effect.