The Outcome of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design

The Outcome of the Norman Invasion on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design Anglo-Saxons encountered great adjustments to their daily lives in the latter half of the eleventh century due to the accession of the Normans. The expertise of the Normans exceeded the Anglo-Saxons' in architecture and agriculture at the time of the conquest. But nevertheless home life, household architecture, and decoration were out of the question until the Normans taken over the entire population. Because of this, castles were cruder constructions than monasteries: Monasteries were usually immense stone buildings set in the biggest and most fertile valleys, while castles were built on windy crests where their residents devoted time and space to tasks for offense and defense. The bare fortresses did not provide for the peaceful avocation of horticulture. The best example of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture existent in modern times is Berkeley Castle. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time. A big terrace intended for walking and as a means to stop enemies from mining under the walls runs about the building. On one of these terraces lies a charming bowling green: it is covered in grass and flanked by an old yew hedge that is created into the shape of rough ramparts.

The Origins of Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains

The Origins of Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains Pope Nicholas V, himself a well educated man, governed the Roman Catholic Church from 1397 to 1455 during which time he commissioned many translations of ancient classic Greek texts into Latin. It was imperative for him to beautify the city of Rome to make it worthy of being called the capital of the Christian world. In 1453 the Pope commissioned the rebuilding of the Aqua Vergine, an historic Roman aqueduct which had carried clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away. The historical Roman tradition of marking the entry point of an aqueduct with an magnificent celebratory fountain, also known as a mostra, was restored by Nicholas V. The Trevi Fountain now occupies the space previously filled with a wall fountain built by Leon Battista Albert, an architect commissioned by the Pope. Origins Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains 3828194901758.jpg

Origins Modern Outdoor Wall Fountains 3828194901758.jpg

The Trevi Fountain as well as the renowned baroque fountains located in the Piazza del Popolo and the Piazza Navona were eventually supplied with water from the modified aqueduct he had rebuilt.

Aspects of Outdoor Statuary in Archaic Greece

Aspects of Outdoor Statuary in Archaic Greece The Archaic Greeks manufactured the very first freestanding statuary, an amazing achievement as most sculptures up until then had been reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Kouros figures, sculptures of adolescent, handsome male or female (kore) Greeks, made up the bulk of the sculptures. Aspects Outdoor Statuary Archaic Greece 1980769538997.jpg

Aspects Outdoor Statuary Archaic Greece 1980769538997.jpg

Considered by Greeks to characterize splendour, the kouroi were formed into stiff, forward facing poses with one foot outstretched, and the male statues were always nude, well-developed, and fit. In around 650 BC, the differences of the kouroi became life-sized. Throughout the Archaic time, a great time of changes, the Greeks were evolving new types of government, expressions of art, and a larger awareness of people and cultures outside Greece. Throughout this time and other times of historic tumultuousness, clashes often took place, among them wars fought between city-states such as the Arcadian wars and the Spartan infiltration of Samos.