Attributes of Garden Sculpture in Archaic Greece

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Attributes of Garden Sculpture in Archaic Greece The primitive Greeks built the very first freestanding statuary, an amazing achievement as most sculptures up until then had been reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Most of these freestanding sculptures were what is known as kouros figures, statues of young, attractive male or female (kore) Greeks. The kouroi were seen by the Greeks to represent beauty and were sculpted with one foot leading and an uncompromising firmness to their forward-facing poses; the male statues were always strapping, sinewy, and naked. Life-sized versions of the kouroi appeared beginning in 650 BC. The Archaic period was tumultuous for the Greeks as they progressed into more sophisticated forms of government and art, and acquired more data about the peoples and civilizations outside of Greece. Still these disputes did not prevent the expansion of the Greek civilization. {

The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design

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The Effect of the Norman Conquest on Anglo-Saxon Garden Design The Anglo-Saxon way of life was dramatically changed by the introduction of the Normans in the later eleventh century. At the time of the conquest, the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons in building design and cultivation. But before focusing on home-life or having the occasion to consider domestic architecture or decoration, the Normans had to subjugate an entire population. Castles were more basic constructions and often erected on blustery hills, where their tenants spent both time and space to practicing offense and defense, while monasteries were major stone buildings, mostly positioned in the widest, most fruitful hollows. Gardening, a placid occupation, was impracticable in these unproductive fortifications. The early Anglo-Norman style of architecture is exemplified in Berkeley Castle, which is conceivably the most untouched illustration we have. The keep is said to date from William the Conqueror's time period. As a technique of deterring attackers from tunneling under the walls, an immense terrace encircles the building. A picturesque bowling green, covered in grass and enclosed by battlements cut out of an ancient yew hedge, makes one of the terraces.