The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary
The Defining Characteristics of Ancient Greek Statuary The first freestanding sculpture was designed by the Archaic Greeks, a recognized success since until then the sole carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and pillars. Youthful, attractive male or female (kore) Greeks were the subject matter of most of the statues, or kouros figures. The kouroi, considered by the Greeks to represent beauty, had one foot extended out of a rigid forward-facing pose and the male statues were always undressed, with a strong, powerful physique.
The Distribution of Water Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe
The Distribution of Water Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe Spreading practical hydraulic knowledge and fountain design ideas throughout Europe was accomplished with the written documents and illustrated publications of the time. In the late 1500's, a French water fountain architect (whose name has been lost) was the globally recognized hydraulics leader. With Royal commissions in Brussels, London and Germany, he began his work in Italy, building experience in garden design and grottoes with built-in and imaginative water hydraulics. “The Principles of Moving Forces”, a guide that turned into the fundamental text on hydraulic technology and engineering, was written by him toward the end of his lifetime in France. Classical antiquity hydraulic discoveries were elaborated as well as revisions to key classical antiquity hydraulic advancements in the book. As a mechanized means to shift water, Archimedes invented the water screw, fundamental among crucial hydraulic innovations.