The Circulation of Water Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe
The Circulation of Water Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe
Instrumental to the advancement of scientific technology were the published papers and illustrated books of the day. They were also the primary method of transferring useful hydraulic ideas and fountain design suggestions throughout Europe. An unnamed French water feature engineer became an internationally renowned hydraulic innovator in the later part of the 1500's. By developing gardens and grottoes with integrated and amazing water features, he started off his career in Italy by getting imperial mandates in Brussels, London and Germany. The text, “The Principles of Moving Forces,” authored towards the end of his life in France, turned out to be the definitive writing on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. The publication updated key hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as describing contemporary hydraulic technologies. As a mechanized way to push water, Archimedes made the water screw, key among vital hydraulic advancements. Natural light heated the water in a pair of undetectable containers adjoining to the beautiful water feature were shown in an illustration. Actuating the fountain is hot water that expands and ascends to close up the pipes. Models for pumps, water wheels, water attributes and garden ponds are also mentioned in the guide.
Where did Large Garden Fountains Begin?
Where did Large Garden Fountains Begin? A water fountain is an architectural piece that pours water into a basin or jets it high into the air in order to provide drinkable water, as well as for decorative purposes.Originally, fountains only served a functional purpose. Cities, towns and villages made use of nearby aqueducts or springs to provide them with potable water as well as water where they could bathe or wash. Up to the late 19th century, water fountains had to be near an aqueduct or reservoir and more elevated than the fountain so that gravity could make the water flow downwards or jet high into the air.
Fountains were an excellent source of water, and also served to decorate living areas and celebrate the artist. Bronze or stone masks of wildlife and heroes were frequently seen on Roman fountains. During the Middle Ages, Muslim and Moorish garden designers included fountains in their designs to re-create the gardens of paradise. The fountains found in the Gardens of Versailles were supposed to show the power over nature held by King Louis XIV of France. Seventeen and 18 century Popes sought to laud their positions by adding beautiful baroque-style fountains at the point where restored Roman aqueducts arrived into the city.
Since indoor plumbing became the norm of the day for clean, drinking water, by the end of the 19th century urban fountains were no longer needed for this purpose and they became purely ornamental. Gravity was substituted by mechanical pumps in order to permit fountains to bring in clean water and allow for amazing water displays.
Beautifying city parks, honoring people or events and entertaining, are some of the purposes of modern-day fountains.