Cultural Statuary in Early Greece

Cultural Statuary in Early Greece Traditionally, most sculptors were compensated by the temples to decorate the elaborate pillars and archways with renderings of the gods, however as the era came to a close it grew to be more accepted for sculptors to portray regular people as well simply because many Greeks had begun to think of their religion as superstitious rather than sacred. Rich individuals would sometimes commission a rendition of their ancestors for their large familial tombs; portraiture also became common and would be appropriated by the Romans upon their acquisition of Greek civilization. A point of artistic development, the use of sculpture and alternate art forms transformed throughout the Greek Classical period, so it is not entirely accurate to assume that the arts served only one function. Greek sculpture was a cutting-edge component of antiquity, whether the cause was religious fervor or aesthetic satisfaction, and its modern excellence may be what endears it to us today.

The Dissemination of Water Feature Design Technology

The Dissemination of Water Feature Design Technology Spreading practical hydraulic knowledge and water fountain design ideas throughout Europe was accomplished with the printed papers and illustrated publications of the time. An internationally renowned innovator in hydraulics in the later part of the 1500's was a French fountain designer, whose name has been lost to history. His competence in developing landscapes and grottoes with incorporated and brilliant water features began in Italy and with commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. In France, near the end of his lifetime, he wrote “The Principle of Moving Forces”, a book that became the fundamental text on hydraulic technology and engineering. Detailing the latest hydraulic systems, the publication furthermore updated critical hydraulic breakthroughs of classical antiquity. The water screw, a technical method to move water, and invented by Archimedes, was featured in the book. Sunlight heating up water in a couple of containers concealed in a room next to an decorative water fountain was presented in one illustration. The end result: the water fountain is stimulated by the heated water expanding and ascending up the conduits. Models for pumps, water wheels, water attributes and outdoor ponds are also included in the book.