Statues As a Staple of Classic Art in Ancient Greece

Statues As a Staple of Classic Art in Ancient Greece Up right up until the Archaic Greeks introduced the very first freestanding statuary, a noteworthy success, carvings had chiefly been accomplished in walls and pillars as reliefs. Most of these freestanding sculptures were what is known as kouros figures, statues of young, attractive male or female (kore) Greeks. The kouroi were considered by the Greeks to represent beauty and were sculpted with one foot leading and an uncompromising firmness to their forward-facing poses; the male statues were always strapping, brawny, and naked. In around 650 BC, the varieties of the kouroi became life-sized. The Archaic period was turbulent for the Greeks as they progressed into more polished forms of federal government and art, and obtained more data about the peoples and societies outside of Greece. Conflicts like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars among city-states are indicative of the tumultuous nature of the time period, which was similar to other periods of historical disturbance. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.

Water Delivery Solutions in Ancient Rome

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Water Delivery Solutions in Ancient Rome Previous to 273, when the 1st elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was constructed in Roma, inhabitants who dwelled on hills had to travel further down to collect their water from natural sources. Outside of these aqueducts and springs, wells and rainwater-collecting cisterns were the only technological innovations available at the time to supply water to segments of high elevation. To furnish water to Pincian Hill in the early sixteenth century, they implemented the new approach of redirecting the flow from the Acqua Vergine aqueduct’s underground channel. Spanning the length of the aqueduct’s network were pozzi, or manholes, that gave access. Though they were primarily developed to make it possible to service the aqueduct, Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi started using the manholes to collect water from the channel, opening when he obtained the property in 1543. He didn’t get sufficient water from the cistern that he had established on his property to collect rainwater. Thankfully, the aqueduct sat directly below his residence, and he had a shaft established to give him access.