Anglo-Saxon Gardens at the Time of the Norman Conquest

Anglo-Saxon Gardens at the Time of the Norman Conquest The arrival of the Normans in the second half of the 11th century irreparably altered The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. At the time of the conquest, the Normans surpassed the Anglo-Saxons in building design and cultivation. But there was no time for home life, domesticated design, and decoration until the Normans had conquered the whole realm. Monasteries and castles served different functions, so while monasteries were massive stone structures assembled in only the most productive, wide dales, castles were set upon blustery knolls where the people focused on learning offensive and defensive strategies. The serene practice of gardening was unrealistic in these bleak bastions. Berkeley Castle is most likely the most intact model in existence nowadays of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture. The keep is said to date from the time of William the Conqueror. An enormous terrace encompasses the building, serving as an obstruction to assailants attempting to dig under the castle walls. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an ancient yew hedge trimmed into the figure of crude battlements.

Architectural Statuary in Old Greece

Architectural Statuary in Old Greece Traditionally, most sculptors were paid by the temples to adorn the elaborate pillars and archways with renderings of the gods, however as the era came to a close it grew to be more accepted for sculptors to portray ordinary people as well because many Greeks had begun to think of their religion as superstitious rather than sacred. Often times, a depiction of affluent families' forefathers would be commissioned to be located inside of huge familial burial tombs, and portraiture, which would be copied by the Romans upon their conquering of Greek civilization, also became commonplace. The use of sculpture and other art forms varied through the years of The Greek Classical period, a duration of creative growth when the arts had more than one objective. Greek sculpture is perhaps appealing to us today seeing that it was an avant-garde experiment in the historic world, so it does not make a difference whether or not its original purpose was religious zeal or artistic pleasure.

The Earliest Recorded Outdoor Water Features of the Historical Past

The Earliest Recorded Outdoor Water Features of the Historical Past Water fountains were at first practical in function, used to deliver water from rivers or springs to cities and hamlets, supplying the inhabitants with clean water to drink, wash, and prepare food with. Earliest Recorded Outdoor Water Features Historical Past 461740882.jpg

Earliest Recorded Outdoor Water Features Historical Past 461740882.jpg

A source of water higher in elevation than the fountain was necessary to pressurize the flow and send water spraying from the fountain's nozzle, a system without equal until the later half of the 19th century. Fountains throughout history have been created as monuments, impressing local citizens and travelers alike. The contemporary fountains of modern times bear little similarity to the very first water fountains. The 1st known water fountain was a natural stone basin created that was used as a receptacle for drinking water and ceremonial purposes. 2,000 B.C. is when the earliest known stone fountain basins were actually used. The spraying of water appearing from small spouts was forced by gravity, the only power source builders had in those days. Drinking water was supplied by public fountains, long before fountains became ornate public statues, as pretty as they are functional. Fountains with ornate decoration began to show up in Rome in approx. 6 B.C., normally gods and animals, made with stone or bronze. A well-engineered system of reservoirs and aqueducts kept Rome's public water fountains supplied with fresh water.

Water Features: The Minoan Culture

Water Features: The Minoan Culture Various different kinds of conduits have been discovered through archaeological excavations on the island of Crete, the birthplace of Minoan civilization. In combination with offering water, they distributed water that gathered from storms or waste. They were typically built from clay or stone. There were clay pipelines, both round and rectangular as well as waterways made from the same components. There are a couple of good examples of Minoan clay piping, those with a shortened cone form and a U-shape that haven’t been seen in any society ever since. The water availability at Knossos Palace was managed with a strategy of terracotta pipes that was put underneath the floor, at depths ranging from a few centimeters to many meters. The clay water lines were also utilized for gathering and storing water. In order to make this feasible, the pipes had to be created to handle: Subterranean Water Transportation: It is not really known why the Minoans wanted to transport water without it being noticed. Quality Water Transportation: Bearing in mind the evidence, several scholars propose that these water lines were not hooked up to the common water allocation process, supplying the castle with water from a various source.