The Effect of the Norman Invasion on Anglo Saxon Gardens
The Effect of the Norman Invasion on Anglo Saxon Gardens
The Anglo-Saxon way of life was significantly changed by the appearance of the Normans in the later eleventh century. Engineering and horticulture were abilities that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. However, there was no time for home life, domestic architecture, and adornment until the Normans had overcome the whole realm. Most often constructed upon windy summits, castles were basic constructs that permitted their occupants to spend time and space to offensive and defensive strategies, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings commonly installed in only the most fecund, broad valleys. The serene method of gardening was unrealistic in these dismal bastions. The purest specimen of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture existent today is Berkeley Castle. The keep is rumored to have been conceived during the time of William the Conqueror. An enormous terrace encompasses the building, serving as an obstacle to assailants attempting to excavate under the castle walls. On one of these parapets is a picturesque bowling green covered in grass and enclosed by an aged hedge of yew that has been shaped into coarse battlements.
Contemporary Garden Decoration: Garden Fountains and their Beginnings
Contemporary Garden Decoration: Garden Fountains and their Beginnings A water fountain is an architectural piece that pours water into a basin or jets it high into the air in order to provide drinking water, as well as for decorative purposes. Originally, fountains only served a functional purpose. People in cities, towns and villages received their drinking water, as well as water to bathe and wash, from aqueducts or springs nearby. Up until the 19th century, fountains had to be more elevated and closer to a water supply, including aqueducts and reservoirs, in order to benefit from gravity which fed the fountains. Serving as an element of adornment and celebration, fountains also generated clean, fresh drinking water. Animals or heroes made of bronze or stone masks were often times utilized by Romans to decorate their fountains. Muslims and Moorish garden designers of the Middle Ages included fountains to re-create smaller versions of the gardens of paradise. To show his prominence over nature, French King Louis XIV included fountains in the Garden of Versailles. To mark the entryway of the restored Roman aqueducts, the Popes of the 17th and 18th centuries commissioned the building of baroque style fountains in the spot where the aqueducts entered the city of Rome
Urban fountains made at the end of the 19th century served only as decorative and celebratory ornaments since indoor plumbing provided the essential drinking water. Fountains using mechanical pumps instead of gravity enabled fountains to bring recycled water into living spaces as well as create unique water effects.
Nowadays, fountains decorate public areas and are used to recognize individuals or events and fill recreational and entertainment needs.
Original Water Delivery Techniques in The City Of Rome
Original Water Delivery Techniques in The City Of Rome With the building of the first elevated aqueduct in Rome, the Aqua Anio Vetus in 273 BC, people who lived on the city’s hills no longer had to depend solely on naturally-occurring spring water for their requirements.
Outside of these aqueducts and springs, wells and rainwater-collecting cisterns were the lone technologies readily available at the time to supply water to locations of higher elevation. In the very early sixteenth century, the city began to make use of the water that ran beneath the earth through Acqua Vergine to provide water to Pincian Hill. All through the length of the aqueduct’s channel were pozzi, or manholes, that gave access. Though they were primarily developed to make it possible to support the aqueduct, Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi started out using the manholes to collect water from the channel, opening when he bought the property in 1543. He didn’t get a sufficient quantity of water from the cistern that he had built on his property to collect rainwater. To give himself with a more efficient way to assemble water, he had one of the manholes opened up, giving him access to the aqueduct below his property.