"Primitive" Greek Artwork: Garden Statuary

"Primitive" Greek Artwork: Garden Statuary The first freestanding sculpture was improved by the Archaic Greeks, a notable success since until then the sole carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and pillars.

For the most part the statues, or kouros figures, were of adolescent and nice-looking male or female (kore) Greeks. Representing beauty to the Greeks, the kouroi were crafted to appear rigid and always had foot in front; the males were vigorous, robust, and nude. The kouroi grew to be life-sized starting in 650 BC. The Archaic period was turbulent for the Greeks as they evolved into more refined forms of federal government and art, and obtained more information about the peoples and societies outside of Greece. Battles like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars between city-states are suggestive of the disruptive nature of the time, which was similar to other periods of historical upset. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.

Rome’s First Water Transport Systems

Rome’s First Water Transport Systems Rome’s first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, residents living at higher elevations had to depend on natural creeks for their water. Throughout this time period, there were only 2 other innovations capable of offering water to high areas, subterranean wells and cisterns, which gathered rainwater. From the early sixteenth century, water was routed to Pincian Hill through the subterranean channel of Acqua Vergine. During its original construction, pozzi (or manholes) were added at set intervals alongside the aqueduct’s channel. The manholes made it easier to maintain the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to remove water from the aqueduct, as we viewed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he owned the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he passed away. Rome’s First Water Transport Systems 8320494249946352648.jpg

The cistern he had made to gather rainwater wasn’t adequate to meet his water needs. Through an orifice to the aqueduct that ran under his property, he was in a position to reach his water demands.

The Public Water Features

The Public Water Features Public Water Features 481630682260.jpg

Water fountains were originally practical in purpose, used to deliver water from rivers or creeks to towns and hamlets, providing the inhabitants with fresh water to drink, wash, and prepare food with. Gravity was the power source of water fountains up until the close of the 19th century, using the potent power of water traveling down hill from a spring or creek to squeeze the water through spigots or other outlets. Commonly used as monuments and commemorative edifices, water fountains have impressed men and women from all over the world throughout the centuries. The common fountains of today bear little resemblance to the very first water fountains. Simple stone basins created from nearby material were the original fountains, used for religious purposes and drinking water. The oldest stone basins are suspected to be from about 2000 B.C.. The first fountains used in ancient civilizations relied on gravity to regulate the circulation of water through the fountain. The placement of the fountains was influenced by the water source, which is why you’ll usually find them along aqueducts, canals, or rivers. The Romans began creating elaborate fountains in 6 B.C., most of which were metallic or natural stone masks of creatures and mythological characters. The impressive aqueducts of Rome furnished water to the eye-catching public fountains, many of which you can go see today.