The Circulation of Outdoor Garden Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe
The Circulation of Outdoor Garden Fountain Industrial Knowledge in Europe The circulated papers and illustrated books of the time contributed to the evolution of scientific technology, and were the chief means of dissiminating practical hydraulic facts and water fountain suggestions throughout Europe. A globally recognized leader in hydraulics in the later part of the 1500's was a French fountain engineer, whose name has been lost to history. By designing landscapes and grottoes with incorporated and ingenious water features, he began his career in Italy by earning Royal mandates in Brussels, London and Germany. “The Principles of Moving Forces”, a book which became the fundamental book on hydraulic technology and engineering, was composed by him toward the end of his life in France. The book modified key hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as explaining contemporary hydraulic technologies. The water screw, a technical means to move water, and invented by Archimedes, was featured in the book.
Aqueducts: The Remedy to Rome's Water Problems
Aqueducts: The Remedy to Rome's Water Problems With the construction of the very first elevated aqueduct in Rome, the Aqua Anio Vetus in 273 BC, people who lived on the city’s hills no longer had to depend exclusively on naturally-occurring spring water for their needs. Outside of these aqueducts and springs, wells and rainwater-collecting cisterns were the sole techniques available at the time to supply water to locations of greater elevation. Beginning in the sixteenth century, a new approach was introduced, using Acqua Vergine’s subterranean segments to provide water to Pincian Hill. The aqueduct’s channel was made attainable by pozzi, or manholes, that were positioned along its length when it was initially designed. The manholes made it less demanding to thoroughly clean the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to remove water from the aqueduct, as we saw with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he owned the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he died.