The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo Saxon Garden Design
The Impact of the Norman Invasion on Anglo Saxon Garden Design The advent of the Normans in the latter half of the 11th century greatly modified The Anglo-Saxon ways of living. Architecture and gardening were attributes that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. But the Normans had to pacify the entire territory before they could concentrate on home life, domestic architecture, and decoration. Most often constructed upon windy peaks, castles were basic structures that enabled their occupants to devote time and space to offensive and defensive schemes, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings frequently placed in only the most fecund, broad valleys. The serene practice of gardening was unlikely in these dreary bastions. The purest example of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture existent today is Berkeley Castle. The keep is rumored to have been invented during the time of William the Conqueror. A massive terrace serves as a discouraging factor to invaders who would attempt to mine the walls of the building. One of these terraces, a charming bowling green, is covered grass and flanked by an old yew hedge trimmed into the figure of crude battlements.
Acqua Vergine: The Remedy to Rome's Water Troubles
Acqua Vergine: The Remedy to Rome's Water Troubles
Previous to 273, when the very first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was made in Rome, residents who lived on hills had to go even further down to collect their water from natural sources. When aqueducts or springs weren’t easily accessible, people living at greater elevations turned to water drawn from underground or rainwater, which was made available by wells and cisterns. To provide water to Pincian Hill in the early 16th century, they employed the new technique of redirecting the movement from the Acqua Vergine aqueduct’s underground network. As originally constructed, the aqueduct was provided along the length of its channel with pozzi (manholes) constructed at regular intervals. The manholes made it easier to thoroughly clean the channel, but it was also achievable to use buckets to pull water from the aqueduct, as we observed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he bought the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he died. Though the cardinal also had a cistern to collect rainwater, it couldn't supply a sufficient amount of water. By using an opening to the aqueduct that flowed under his property, he was set to reach his water needs.
Gian Bernini's Public Fountains
Gian Bernini's Public Fountains There are countless famous water features in the city center of Rome. Gian Lorenzo Bernini, one of the best sculptors and artists of the 17th century developed, conceptualized and built nearly all of them. Also a city architect, he had skills as a water fountain developer, and marks of his life's work are evident throughout the roads of Rome. Eventually transferring to Rome to fully express their art, primarily in the form of public water features, Bernini’s father, a famed Florentine sculptor, mentored his young son. The young Bernini received praise from Popes and influential artists alike, and was an diligent worker. His sculpture was initially his claim to popularity.
An expert in historical Greek architecture, he used this knowledge as a platform and melded it gracefully with Roman marble, most famously in the Vatican. He was influenced by many a great artists, however, Michelangelo had the biggest impact on his work.
If what you want is to breathe life into an otherwise uninspiring ambiance, an indoor wall fountain can be the solution.Setting up this sort of indoor feature positively affects your senses and your general well-being....
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Sculptors adorned the complex columns and archways with renderings of the greek gods until the time came to a close and more Greeks had begun to think of their religion as superstitious rather than sacred; at that time, it grew to be more accepted for sculptors be compensated to show everyday individuals as well....
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Commonly working as architects, sculptors, designers, engineers and cultivated scholars, all in one, fountain designers were multi-faceted people from the 16th to the later part of the 18th century....
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Most modern-day garden fountains come in metal, although various other types exist.Metals tend to yield clean lines and unique sculptural accents and can fit almost any design theme or budget....
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Often serving as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and discerning scholars, all in one, fountain designers were multi-faceted people from the 16th to the late 18th century....
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Water feature designers were multi-talented people from the 16th to the later part of the 18th century, often working as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and highly educated scholars all in one person....
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