A Chronicle of Outdoor Fountains

A Chronicle of Outdoor Fountains The translation of hundreds of classic Greek documents into Latin was commissioned by the scholarly Pope Nicholas V who ruled the Church in Rome from 1397 until 1455. Chronicle Outdoor Fountains 54562979990133.jpg

Chronicle Outdoor Fountains 54562979990133.jpg

In order to make Rome deserving of being the capital of the Christian world, the Pope decided to enhance the beauty of the city. Restoration of the Acqua Vergine, a desolate Roman aqueduct which had carried clean drinking water into the city from eight miles away, began in 1453 at the behest of the Pope. The ancient Roman custom of marking the arrival point of an aqueduct with an magnificent celebratory fountain, also known as a mostra, was restored by Nicholas V. The present-day site of the Trevi Fountain was formerly occupied by a wall fountain commissioned by the Pope and constructed by the architect Leon Battista Alberti. Modifications and extensions, included in the repaired aqueduct, eventually provided the Trevi Fountain and the well-known baroque fountains in the Piazza del Popolo and Piazza Navona with the necessary water supply.

Ancient Fountain Artists

Ancient Fountain Artists Often serving as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and cultivated scholars all in one, from the 16th to the late 18th century, fountain designers were multi-talented individuals, Ancient Fountain Artists 53375066955.jpg

During the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci exemplified the creator as a inspired wizard, inventor and scientific specialist. With his immense curiosity about the forces of nature, he explored the characteristics and mobility of water and also methodically documented his findings in his now celebrated notebooks. Brilliant water displays full of symbolic meaning and natural wonder transformed private villa settings when early Italian water feature designers paired resourcefulness with hydraulic and landscaping expertise. The brilliance in Tivoli were developed by the humanist Pirro Ligorio, who was renowned for his skill in archeology, architecture and garden design. Other fountain engineers, masterminding the incredible water marbles, water functions and water antics for the various properties in the vicinity of Florence, were tried and tested in humanistic subject areas and traditional scientific readings.

The Results of the Norman Conquest on Anglo Saxon Landscaping

The Results of the Norman Conquest on Anglo Saxon Landscaping The arrival of the Normans in the 2nd half of the 11th century irreparably altered The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. Results Norman Conquest Anglo Saxon Landscaping 3487069934.jpg

Results Norman Conquest Anglo Saxon Landscaping 3487069934.jpg

Engineering and gardening were abilities that the Normans excelled in, trumping that of the Anglo-Saxons at the time of the occupation. Still, home life, household architecture, and decoration were out of the question until the Normans taken over the general populace. Castles were more basic designs and often built on blustery hills, where their people devoted both time and space to exercising offense and defense, while monasteries were large stone buildings, regularly positioned in the widest, most fertile hollows. The barren fortresses did not provide for the peaceful avocation of gardening. Berkeley Castle, potentially the most uncorrupted model of the early Anglo-Norman style of architecture, still exists in the present day. The keep is said to date from the time of William the Conqueror. A significant terrace serves as a hindrance to intruders who would attempt to mine the walls of the building. On one of these terraces lies a charming bowling green: it is coated in grass and flanked by an old yew hedge that is created into the shape of rough ramparts.