The Dissemination of Water Feature Design Innovation

The Dissemination of Water Feature Design Innovation Dissemination Water Feature Design Innovation 77777091391029.jpg

The circulated papers and illustrated books of the time contributed to the evolution of scientific technology, and were the primary means of transmitting useful hydraulic concepts and fountain ideas all through Europe. An unnamed French fountain designer became an internationally renowned hydraulic pioneer in the later part of the 1500's. With imperial commissions in Brussels, London and Germany, he started his career in Italy, building experience in garden design and grottoes with integrated and imaginative water features. He authored a book titled “The Principles of Moving Forces” toward the conclusion of his life while in France that became the fundamental text on hydraulic mechanics and engineering. The publication modified important hydraulic breakthroughs since classical antiquity as well as detailing contemporary hydraulic technologies. Prominent among these works were those of Archimedes, the inventor of the water screw, a mechanized means of transferring water. Natural light heated the water in a pair of hidden vessels adjacent to the beautiful water feature were shown in an illustration. The end result: the water feature is stimulated by the heated liquid expanding and rising up the piping. Pumps, water wheels, water features and garden pond concepts are included in the text.

Anglo-Saxon Landscapes at the Time of the Norman Conquest

Anglo-Saxon Landscapes at the Time of the Norman Conquest The arrival of the Normans in the 2nd half of the eleventh century irreparably transformed The Anglo-Saxon lifestyle. The Normans were much better than the Anglo-Saxons at architecture and horticulture when they came into power. Anglo-Saxon Landscapes Time Norman Conquest 7543510451816582344.jpg

Anglo-Saxon Landscapes Time Norman Conquest 7543510451816582344.jpg

But home life, household architecture, and decoration were out of the question until the Normans taken over the entire population. Most often built upon windy summits, castles were fundamental structures that enabled their inhabitants to spend time and space to offensive and defensive programs, while monasteries were rambling stone buildings generally installed in only the most fecund, extensive valleys. The serene practice of gardening was impractical in these bleak bastions. Berkeley Castle is possibly the most unchanged model in existence today of the early Anglo-Norman form of architecture. The keep is reported to have been invented during the time of William the Conqueror. A large terrace meant for walking and as a means to stop enemies from mining under the walls runs around the building. On one of these parapets is a scenic bowling green covered in grass and enclosed by an aged hedge of yew that has been designed into coarse battlements.