The Distribution of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe
The Distribution of Garden Water Fountains Engineering Knowledge in Europe Spreading useful hydraulic facts and fountain design ideas all through Europe was accomplished with the printed papers and illustrated publications of the time. An unnamed French water fountain engineer became an globally renowned hydraulic leader in the later part of the 1500's. His experience in creating gardens and grottoes with incorporated and ingenious water features began in Italy and with commissions in Brussels, London and Germany. In France, towards the end of his life, he published “The Principle of Moving Forces”, a publication that became the primary text on hydraulic technology and engineering. The book updated key hydraulic discoveries since classical antiquity as well as explaining contemporary hydraulic technologies. As a mechanized means to shift water, Archimedes devised the water screw, key among vital hydraulic breakthroughs. An ornamental fountain with the sun warming the liquid in two containers hidden in a neighboring accommodation was shown in one illustration. Actuating the water feature is hot liquid which expands and ascends to seal up the conduits. Garden ponds as well as pumps, water wheels, and water feature styles are included in the book.
The Origins Of Outdoor Fountains
The Origins Of Outdoor Fountains A fountain, an amazing piece of engineering, not only supplies drinking water as it pours into a basin, it can also propel water high into the air for a noteworthy effect.The central purpose of a fountain was originally strictly practical. Residents of urban areas, townships and small towns used them as a source of drinking water and a place to wash, which meant that fountains needed to be linked to nearby aqueduct or spring. Until the late nineteenth, century most water fountains operated using the force of gravity to allow water to flow or jet into the air, therefore, they needed a supply of water such as a reservoir or aqueduct located higher than the fountain. Designers thought of fountains as wonderful additions to a living space, however, the fountains also served to supply clean water and celebrate the designer responsible for building it. Bronze or stone masks of wildlife and heroes were commonly seen on Roman fountains.
During the Middle Ages, Muslim and Moorish garden designers included fountains in their designs to mimic the gardens of paradise. Fountains played a considerable role in the Gardens of Versailles, all part of French King Louis XIV’s desire to exert his power over nature. The Romans of the 17th and 18th centuries created baroque decorative fountains to exalt the Popes who commissioned them as well as to mark the location where the restored Roman aqueducts entered the city.
Since indoor plumbing became the standard of the day for fresh, drinking water, by the end of the 19th century urban fountains were no longer needed for this purpose and they became purely ornamental. Amazing water effects and recycled water were made possible by replacing the force of gravity with mechanical pumps.
These days, fountains adorn public areas and are used to pay tribute to individuals or events and fill recreational and entertainment needs.