Fountain Designers Through History

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Often working as architects, sculptors, artists, engineers and highly educated scholars all in one, from the 16th to the late 18th century, fountain designers were multi-faceted individuals, During the Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci illustrated the creator as a innovative intellect, creator and scientific expert. The forces of nature led him to investigate the properties and movement of water, and due to his curiosity, he carefully captured his experiences in his now celebrated notebooks. Modifying private villa configurations into amazing water showcases full of symbolic significance and natural wonder, early Italian water feature designers paired curiosity with hydraulic and gardening expertise. Known for his virtuosity in archeology, architecture and garden design, Pirro Ligorio, the humanist, provided the vision behind the magnificence in Tivoli. Masterminding the extraordinary water marbles, water features and water jokes for the numerous estates near Florence, some other water feature designers were well versed in humanist topics as well as ancient scientific texts.

Original Water Supply Techniques in The City Of Rome

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Original Water Supply Techniques in The City Of Rome Rome’s very first elevated aqueduct, Aqua Anio Vetus, was built in 273 BC; prior to that, inhabitants residing at higher elevations had to rely on natural streams for their water. If citizens living at higher elevations did not have access to springs or the aqueduct, they’d have to rely on the other existing techniques of the day, cisterns that collected rainwater from the sky and subterranean wells that drew the water from under ground. From the beginning of the sixteenth century, water was routed to Pincian Hill by using the underground channel of Acqua Vergine. The aqueduct’s channel was made accessible by pozzi, or manholes, that were positioned along its length when it was 1st created. The manholes made it less demanding to thoroughly clean the channel, but it was also possible to use buckets to remove water from the aqueduct, as we observed with Cardinal Marcello Crescenzi when he possessed the property from 1543 to 1552, the year he passed away. He didn’t get a sufficient quantity of water from the cistern that he had established on his property to obtain rainwater. Fortunately, the aqueduct sat just below his residence, and he had a shaft established to give him accessibility.

Archaic Greek Artistry: Garden Statuary

Archaic Greek Artistry: Garden Statuary The initial freestanding sculpture was designed by the Archaic Greeks, a notable achievement since until then the only carvings in existence were reliefs cut into walls and columns. Younger, ideal male or female (kore) Greeks were the subject matter of most of the sculptures, or kouros figures. Archaic Greek Artistry: Garden Statuary 1043391377794827.jpg

The kouroi, regarded by the Greeks to represent beauty, had one foot extended out of a fixed forward-facing posture and the male statues were always nude, with a powerful, powerful shape. Life-sized versions of the kouroi appeared beginning in 650 BC. Throughout the Archaic period, a great time of changes, the Greeks were evolving new forms of government, expressions of art, and a better understanding of people and cultures outside Greece. Conflicts like The Arcadian wars, the Spartan invasion of Samos, and other wars among city-states are suggestive of the disruptive nature of the time period, which was similar to other periods of historical disturbance. However, these conflicts did not significantly hinder the advancement of the Greek civilization.